Ukuqonda Umahluko phakathi kwe-SCBA kunye neTanki ze-SCUBA: Isishwankathelo esineenkcukacha

Xa kuziwa kwiitanki zomoya ophezulu, ezimbini zeentlobo eziqhelekileyo ziyi-SCBA (i-Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus) kunye ne-SCUBA (i-Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) iitanki. Zombini zisebenza ngeenjongo ezibalulekileyo ngokubonelela ngomoya ophefumlayo, kodwa uyilo, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neenkcukacha zahluke kakhulu. Nokuba ujongene nemisebenzi yohlangulo olungxamisekileyo, umcimi-mlilo, okanye ukuntywila ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwala matanki kubalulekile. Eli nqaku liza kungena kwiiyantlukwano eziphambili, ligxile kwindima yecarbon fiber composite cylinders, eziguqule zombini iitanki ze-SCBA kunye ne-SCUBA.

I-SCBA vs. SCUBA: Iingcaciso ezisisiseko

1. I-SCBA (Isixhobo sokuphefumla esiZimeleyo): Iisistim ze-SCBA ziyilelwe ikakhulu iindawo apho umoya ophefumlayo uphazamiseka. Oku kunokubandakanya abacimi-mlilo abangena kwizakhiwo ezizele ngumsi, abasebenzi bemizi-mveliso kwiindawo ezinerhasi enetyhefu, okanye abaphenduli bexesha likaxakeka abaphatha ukuchitheka kwezinto ezinobungozi. Amatanki e-SCBA enzelwe ukubonelela ngomoya ococekileyo ixesha elifutshane, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezingaphezulu komhlaba apho kungekho fikelelo kumoya ophefumlayo.
2. I-SCUBA (Isixhobo sokuphefumla phantsi kwamanzi esiziqulathileyo): Iinkqubo ze-SCUBA, kwelinye icala, zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwamanzi, okwenza abantu abahlukeneyo baphefumle ngelixa bentywila. Iitanki ze-SCUBA zibonelela ngomoya okanye eminye imixube yerhasi evumela abantu abahlukeneyo ukuba bahlale phantsi kwamanzi ixesha elide.

Ngelixa zombini iindidi zamatanki zibonelela ngomoya, zisebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zakhiwe ngemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwazo.

Izinto eziphathekayo kunye noLwakhiwo: Indima yeI-Carbon Fiber Composite Cylinders

Enye yezona nkqubela zibalulekileyo kuzo zombini i-SCBA kunye ne-SCUBA yetekhnoloji yetanki kukusetyenziswa kwecarbon fiber composite cylinders. Amatanki emveli ayenziwe ngetsimbi okanye i-aluminium, leyo, nangona ihleli, inzima kwaye inzima. Ifayibha yeCarbon, enomlinganiselo wayo ophezulu wokomelela ukuya kubunzima, iye yaba yinto ethandwa kakhulu kwiitanki zanamhlanje.

1. Ubunzima Inzuzo: Ikhabhon fiber composite cylinders zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu kuneetanki zentsimbi okanye i-aluminiyam. Kwiinkqubo ze-SCBA, oku kunciphisa ubunzima kubaluleke kakhulu. Abacimi bomlilo kunye nabasebenzi bokuhlangula bahlala befuna ukuthwala izixhobo ezinzima, ngoko ukunciphisa ubunzima bezixhobo zabo zokuphefumula kuvumela ukuhamba okukhulu kunye nokunciphisa ukukhathala. Amatanki e-SCBA enziwe kwi-carbon fiber afikelela kwi-50% elula kuneentsimbi zentsimbi, ngaphandle kokuthomalalisa amandla okanye ukuqina.Kwiitanki ze-SCUBA, indalo ekhaphukhaphu ye-carbon fiber ikwabonelela ngeenzuzo. Ngelixa ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ubunzima abuyonto ixhalabisayo, kodwa kubantu abahlukeneyo abathwele amatanki ukuya nokubuya emanzini okanye ukuwalayisha ezikhepheni, ubunzima obuncitshisiweyo benza ukuba amava alawuleke ngakumbi.
2. Ukuqina kunye noxinzelelo lwesakhono: Ikhabhon fiber composite cylinders baziwa ngamandla abo aphezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba banokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwangaphakathi. Amatanki e-SCBA ahlala efuna ukugcina umoya oxinzelelweyo kwiingcinezelo ezifikelela kwi-4,500 PSI, kunye ne-carbon fiber ibonelela ngengqibelelo yolwakhiwo oluyimfuneko ukujongana noxinzelelo oluphezulu ngokukhuselekileyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanguleni okanye kwimishini yokucima umlilo, apho amathangi aphantsi kweemeko ezinzima kwaye nakuphi na ukungaphumeleli kwinkqubo kunokubeka ubomi esichengeni.Iitanki ze-SCUBA, ezihlala zigcina umoya kuxinzelelo oluphakathi kwe-3,000 kunye ne-3,500 ye-PSI, nazo ziyazuza ekomelezeni okongeziweyo okunikezwa yi-carbon fiber. Abahlukeneyo bafuna isiqinisekiso sokuba iitanki zabo ziyakwazi ukujongana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lomoya ocinezelweyo ngaphandle komngcipheko wokugqabhuka. Ulwakhiwo lwe-carbon fiber multi-layer luqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngelixa unciphisa ubuninzi betanki.
3. Ubomi obude: Iileya zangaphandle zeitanki ye-carbon fiber composites rhoqo ziqukaiingubo eziphezulu zepolymerkunye nezinye izinto zokukhusela. Ezi maleko zikhusela ukunxitywa kokusingqongileyo, njengokufuma, ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali, okanye umonakalo womzimba. Kwiitanki ze-SCBA, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana nemililo okanye iingozi zemizi-mveliso, olu khuseleko longeziweyo lubalulekile ekwandiseni ubomi betanki.Iitanki ze-SCUBA, ezivezwe kwiindawo zamanzi etyuwa, zixhamla kwi-corrosion resistance eyenziwa yi-carbon fiber kunye neengubo zokukhusela. Amatanki esinyithi emveli anokonakala ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokuvezwa rhoqo emanzini netyuwa, kantiitanki ye-carbon fibers ukumelana nolu hlobo lokuthotywa.

Ukusebenza kunye nokuSetyenziswa kweeNdawo ezahlukeneyo

Iimeko apho iitanki ze-SCBA kunye ne-SCUBA zisetyenziselwa ngokuthe ngqo kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwazo.

1. Ukusetyenziswa kweSCBA: Iitanki zeSCBA ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwingaphezulu komhlabaokanye iimeko zasemajukujukwini apho kukho umngcipheko okhawulezileyo wobomi bomntu ngenxa yomsi, iigesi, okanye iatmosfera engenamoya. Kule meko, injongo ephambili kukubonelela ukufikelela kwexesha elifutshane kumoya ophefumulayo ngelixa umsebenzisi wenza imisebenzi yokuhlangula okanye ephuma kwindawo eyingozi. Amatanki e-SCBA ahlala exhotyiswe ngee-alamu ezazisa umntu onxibileyo xa umoya uphantsi, ugxininisa indima yabo njengesisombululo sexesha elifutshane.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SCUBA: Iitanki ze-SCUBA ziyilelweixesha elide ngaphantsi kwamanzisebenzisa. Abantu abahlukeneyo baxhomekeke kula matanki ukuphefumla ngelixa behlola okanye besebenza kumanzi anzulu. Iitanki ze-SCUBA zilinganiswe ngononophelo ukunika umxube ochanekileyo weegesi (umoya okanye imixube yerhasi ekhethekileyo) ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumla okukhuselekileyo phantsi kobunzulu obahlukeneyo kunye noxinzelelo. Ngokungafaniyo neetanki ze-SCBA, iitanki ze-SCUBA zenzelwe ukuhlala ixesha elide, zihlala zibonelela nge-30 kwimizuzu ye-60 yomoya, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu betanki kunye nobunzulu.

Ubonelelo Lomoya kunye Nobude bexesha

Ubude bexesha lokunikezelwa komoya kuzo zombini iitanki ze-SCBA kunye ne-SCUBA ziyahluka ngokusekwe kubungakanani betanki, uxinzelelo, kunye nesantya sokuphefumla somsebenzisi.

1. Iitanki zeSCBA: Iitanki ze-SCBA ngokuqhelekileyo ziyilelwe ukubonelela malunga ne-30 kwimizuzu ye-60 yomoya, nangona eli xesha linokwahluka ngokusekelwe kubukhulu be-cylinder kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi womsebenzisi. Abacimi-mlilo, umzekelo, banokudla umoya ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi ngexesha lomsebenzi onzima womzimba, ukunciphisa ixesha lokunikezelwa komoya.
2. Iitanki ze-SCUBA: Iitanki ze-SCUBA, ezisetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwamanzi, zibonelela ngomoya ixesha elide, kodwa ixesha elichanekileyo lixhomekeke kakhulu kubunzulu be-dive kunye nesantya sokusetyenziswa kwe-diver. Okukhona i-diver isiya nzulu, kokukhona umoya ucinezeleka ngakumbi, okukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni komoya ngokukhawuleza. Ukuntywila okuqhelekileyo kwe-SCUBA kunokuhlala phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiyure, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani betanki kunye neemeko zokuntywila.

IiMfuno zoLondolozo kunye noHlolo

Zombini iitanki ze-SCBA kunye ne-SCUBA zifuna rhoqouvavanyo lwe-hydrostatickunye nokuhlolwa okubonakalayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza.Itanki ye-carbon fiberzivavanywa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu, nangona oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimimiselo nokusetyenziswa kwendawo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iitanki zingonakala, kwaye ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile kuzo zombini iindidi zamatanki ukuze zisebenze ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo yazo.

1. Ukuhlolwa kweTanki ye-SCBA: Iitanki ze-SCBA, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwazo kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu, zihlolwa rhoqo ngokubonakalayo kwaye kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko. Umonakalo ovela kubushushu, iimpembelelo, okanye ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali kuqhelekile, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwe-cylinder.
2. Ukuhlolwa kweTanki ye-SCUBA: Iitanki ze-SCUBA kufuneka nazo zihlolwe rhoqo, ngakumbi iimpawu zokubola okanye umonakalo emzimbeni. Ukunikezelwa kwabo kwiimeko eziphantsi kwamanzi, amanzi etyuwa kunye nezinye izinto zinokubangela ukunxiba, ngoko ke ukunakekelwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile kukhuseleko lwe-diver.

Ukuqukumbela

Ngelixa iitanki ze-SCBA kunye ne-SCUBA zisebenza ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo, ukusetyenziswa kwecarbon fiber composite cylindersuziphucule kakhulu zombini iindidi zeenkqubo. Ifayibha yeCarbon inika ukuqina, amandla, kunye nepropathi ekhaphukhaphu, iyenza ibe yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwiitanki zomoya ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ekucimeni umlilo kunye nokuntywila. Amatanki e-SCBA akhelwe unikezelo lomoya lwexesha elifutshane kwiindawo ezinobungozi, ngaphezulu komhlaba, ngelixa iitanki ze-SCUBA zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwala matanki kubalulekile ekukhetheni izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwimeko nganye eyodwa, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza.